Beaucoup en ont entendu parler s’agissant du plus vieux parc des USA. Of all the thousands (if not millions) of thermophilic species thriving in Yellowstone’s extreme environments, the eukarya are the group that bridges the world of thermophilic microbes with the larger life forms—such as geese, elk, and bison—that thrive in ecological communities beyond the hot springs.Thermal Biology Institute, Montana State UniversityAlmost all hot springs and geysers host thermophilic bacteria.Viruses, a logical part of thermophilic ecosystems, have been found in some pools in Yellowstone.Thermophilic communities are very diverse, depending on the microbes living there, the pH, and the water temperature.Yellowstone's hydrothermal features and thermophilic communities are studied by scientists searching for evidence of life on other planets.Hydrothermal features are habitats for microscopic organisms called thermophiles: "thermo" for heat, "phile" for lover. University of Colorado researchers have also been busy at Yellowstone. John Spear, lead author of the report, said there is lots of hydrogen in the universe. He views hot springs as windows to Earth's primitive past, at the dawn of life.
The life forms studied by Farmer and the other scientists live nicely at temperatures between 176 and 237 degrees F. According to Farmer, part of the reason science is making so many discoveries in thermal biology, is that until just a few decades ago, scientists assumed that life couldn't exist in such hostile (to us, anyway) environments, and therefore didn't look for life. They live among the thermophilic mats and streamers, and eat, among other things, algae.
Gill Geesey, another university microbiologist, has scuba dived to the bottom of Mary Bay of Yellowstone Lake to research bacteria colonies found at the openings of hydrothermal vents, emitting hydrogen sulfides. Bright green From the boardwalk crossing Porcelain Basin, you can also see larger eukarya, such as ephydrid flies. Although they aren’t visible like mushrooms, several thermophilic fungi thrive in Yellowstone. For example, Keith Cooksey, a microbiology professor, has found microbes in extremely hot environments that feed on CO2 from hot springs. Tim McDermott, a soil microbiologist and MSU Thermal Biology Institute scientist, says there's interest in transferring this type of plant/fungal partnership to farm fields, to enable wheat or other crop plants to withstand higher soil temperatures during Institute researcher Mark Young, for example, has found novel viruses in environments greater than 175 degrees F at pH 3 or lower-the equivalent of boiling acid! As scientists look more, they find more-enough to suggest that heat-loving life may be the most ancient life forms on earth and the likeliest form of life to be found elsewhere in the universe.The extraordinary natural features that keep Yellowstone such an alluring place can make it perilous.Yellowstone is the largest active geyser field in the world.See Old Faithful, Castle Geyser, Riverside Geyser and geothermal features of Yellowstone country's steaming vents, erupting geysers and gurgling hot springs.A map showing Yellowstone's geyser basins including the Upper Geyser Basin with Old Faithful and Morning Glory Pool, and nearby Grand Prismatic.The Yellowstone area has many places to go swimming and soak in the natural mineral hot springs.About 50 hot springs and colorful limestone terraces lie within the area of Yellowstone known as Mammoth Hot Springs. Tim McDermott, a soil microbiologist and MSU Thermal Biology Institute scientist, says there's interest in transferring this type of plant/fungal partnership to farm fields, to … J’ai récemment eu l’occasion de découvrir lors de mon road trip aux USA, le superbe parc de Yellowstone (Yellowstone National park), dans le Wyoming. Research in thermal biology has really been taking off, said Susan Kelly, outreach coordinator for the Institute.
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